International Journal of Social Sciences Research
type: channel
description: International Journal of Social Sciences Research (IJSSR) is a quarterly, open-access, double-blind peer-reviewed research journal committed to advancing scholarly work in humanities and social sciences. The journal welcomes high-quality submissions across all domains of humanities and social sciences, with a focus on disseminating original, rigorous, and impactful research that contributes meaningfully to these interdisciplinary fields. All manuscripts are evaluated based on originality, technical depth, and significance of contribution. The journal follows a double-blind peer-review process, which is undertaken within one (01) month of submission. Authors are formally notified of editorial decisions, accompanied by constructive and timely feedback, ensuring a transparent, efficient, and academically rigorous publication workflow. IJSSR is published under the auspices of the Institute of Insight Research [SMC – Private] Limited, a duly incorporated legal entity registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) under Registration No. 0306665.
publisher: Institute of Insight Research [SMC – Private] Limited
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Social Sciences Research
items: CHINA AND TRUMP’S TRADE ESCALATION: EVALUATING RETALIATION, STRATEGIC ADAPTATION, AND COOPERATIVE PATHWAYS
items: DIGITAL ENVIRONMENTAL DISCOURSE: ADVOCACY RHETORIC AND ECOLOGICAL NARRATIVES ON SOCIAL MEDIA
items: DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL STABILITY IN MICROFINANCE BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN
items: INVESTIGATING THE PREDICTIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUEL PRICE VOLATILITY AND SECTORAL STOCK RETURNS IN PAKISTAN
items: REVISITING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE IN BANKING: AN EXTENDED UTAUT2 FRAMEWORK WITH TRUST AND REGULATORY COMPLIANCE IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN
items: CULTURAL DIASPORA IN AMERICAN FEVER BY DUR E AZIZ AMNA
items: FOSTERING AUTHENTIC FOLLOWERSHIP THROUGH MINDFULNESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL: LESSONS FROM AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP
items: RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT: GEOPOLITICAL SHIFTS AND WESTERN DECLINE
items: EFFECT OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
items: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS AS A LANGUAGE LEARNING AID FOR SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS
items: SOCIO-ECONOMIC DRIVERS OF SMOKING AMONG YOUNG MALE STUDENTS IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY APPROACH
items: UNDERSTANDING UNSPECIFIED MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: A CASE STUDY ON DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT, AND MANAGEMENT
items: IMPACT OF RELIGIOSITY AND BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ QUALITY OF LIFE
items: CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE ESL TEACHING: MEETING THE DIVERSE NEEDS OF ELEMENTARY LEARNERS
items: WOMEN ON THE MARGINS: SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS DRIVING FEMALE CRIME IN KARACHI
items: MERGER OF FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS: TRACKING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND JUDICIAL REFORMS
items: PERCEPTIONS, EXPERIENCES, AND COPING STRATEGIES OF WOMEN DIAGNOSED WITH INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS OF PREGNANCY
items: IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF ENGLISH MORPHEMES
items: DEVELOPING A PEACE EDUCATION MODEL FOR TEACHER TRAINING IN PAKISTAN
items: MODI’S HINDUTVA POLICY: IMPACTS ON REGIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
items: XI JINPING’S ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY AND CHINA’S INFLUENCE ON GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: REGIONAL SECURITY IMPLICATIONS
items: SOCIETAL PRESSURE AND NON-BINARY IDENTITIES: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF ADAM SILVERA’S THEY BOTH DIE AT THE END

CHINA AND TRUMP’S TRADE ESCALATION: EVALUATING RETALIATION, STRATEGIC ADAPTATION, AND COOPERATIVE PATHWAYS
type: item
description: This study explores China’s strategic response to the renewed U.S.–China trade war under Donald Trump’s second term, analyzing whether Beijing pursued retaliation, adaptation, or cooperation. It examines the economic, diplomatic, and technological measures China adopted to counter U.S. tariffs and sanctions, alongside the broader geopolitical implications. Employing a qualitative research design, the study analyzes primary sources—including official Chinese statements, policy documents, and trade data—along with secondary materials such as expert analyses and scholarly publications. Thematic analysis reveals that while China responded with counter-tariffs and diplomatic opposition, it simultaneously adapted by diversifying trade networks, strengthening domestic industries, and expanding its global reach through initiatives like the Belt and Road. Moreover, selective cooperation persisted in areas such as climate change and global health. The findings suggest that sustainable U.S.–China relations will require a balanced strategy—combining competition management with constructive engagement. This research contributes to understanding evolving trade dynamics and shifting global power relations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: U.S
  topic: keywords
subject: U.S.–China Relations
  topic: keywords
subject: Trade War
  topic: keywords
subject: Retaliation
  topic: keywords
subject: Adaptation
  topic: keywords
subject: Cooperation
  topic: keywords
creator: Faisal Shahzad
creator: Nazia Azim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 56
ending page: 64

DIGITAL ENVIRONMENTAL DISCOURSE: ADVOCACY RHETORIC AND ECOLOGICAL NARRATIVES ON SOCIAL MEDIA
type: item
description: This study explores how ecological narratives and advocacy rhetoric function as influential linguistic tools on social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram to promote environmental awareness and activism. Employing a qualitative design, it analyzes nine selected posts from three environmental campaigns using Fairclough’s critical discourse framework. The analysis uncovers how rhetorical and narrative strategies communicate ecological issues, shape public perceptions, and inspire environmental action. The findings highlight the pivotal role of language in constructing persuasive ecological discourses that foster environmental consciousness and support sustainability initiatives.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social media discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental communication
  topic: keywords
subject: advocacy rhetoric
  topic: keywords
subject: ecological narratives
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability awareness
  topic: keywords
creator: Murtaza Dadgar
creator: Zmari Sherzad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 42
ending page: 55

DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL STABILITY IN MICROFINANCE BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN
type: item
description: Introduction: Pakistan’s microfinance sector—comprising six banks, thirteen MFIs, and five rural support programs—serves over 12 million borrowers. As a key tool for poverty alleviation, microfinance supports low-income communities, especially in rural areas. This study explores factors influencing the financial sustainability of microfinance banks to guide policymakers in promoting sustainable and inclusive growth. Objective: To assess the relationship between institutional factors and the financial stability of microfinance banks in Pakistan, with implications for poverty reduction and economic development. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using secondary data (2018–2023) from financial statements of microfinance banks. Independent variables—size, age, efficiency, outreach, capital, leverage, and credit risk—were tested against financial sustainability. Results: Institutional age, efficiency, and leverage significantly enhance financial sustainability, while size, capital, and credit risk show limited impact. Conclusion: Institutional maturity, operational efficiency, and effective leverage are key to sustaining financial stability in Pakistan’s microfinance sector. Further research with larger datasets is recommended.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Microfinance
  topic: keywords
subject: Financial Sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Leverage
  topic: keywords
subject: Pakistan
  topic: keywords
subject: Institutional Stability
  topic: keywords
creator: Sajid Ali
creator: Muhammad Muzammil
creator: SubhanAhmed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 28
ending page: 41

INVESTIGATING THE PREDICTIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUEL PRICE VOLATILITY AND SECTORAL STOCK RETURNS IN PAKISTAN
type: item
description: Introduction: Fuel price volatility significantly influences Pakistan’s economic activity by affecting production and transportation costs, which in turn impact stock market performance. However, limited research has explored the predictive role of fuel price fluctuations on sectoral stock returns. This study examines how fuel price volatility relates to stock returns in the transportation, manufacturing, and energy sectors listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). Objective: The study aims to evaluate the predictive power of fuel price volatility on sectoral stock returns and identify which industries are most affected. The findings provide insights for investors, policymakers, and firms in managing fuel-related risks. Methodology: Using a quantitative research design, secondary data from 2015–2024 were analyzed. Monthly stock prices from PSX-listed firms and bi-monthly petrol and diesel prices were examined using descriptive statistics, correlation, regression models, and ANOVA tests to determine sectoral responses to fuel price changes. Results: Fuel price volatility strongly influences the transportation and energy sectors, while effects on manufacturing are mixed. The shipping and logistics subsector shows the highest sensitivity, whereas cement and fertilizer industries exhibit weaker performance. Regression results indicate that fuel price fluctuations explain only a small portion (1.7%–6.2%) of stock return variations, suggesting other macroeconomic factors play a key role. Conclusion: Fuel price volatility significantly affects stock returns in Pakistan, particularly in the transportation and energy sectors. Investors should monitor fuel trends in portfolio strategies, policymakers should promote price stability and alternative energy sources, and firms should adopt hedging and efficiency measures to mitigate risks.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fuel Price Volatility
  topic: keywords
subject: Sectoral Stock Returns
  topic: keywords
subject: Pakistan Stock Exchange
  topic: keywords
subject: Energy Sector
  topic: keywords
subject: Transportation Sector
  topic: keywords
subject: Manufacturing Industry
  topic: keywords
subject: Investment Risk
  topic: keywords
creator: Bilal Ahmad
creator: Fujian Xhing
creator: Syed Shah Alam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 15
ending page: 27

REVISITING TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE IN BANKING: AN EXTENDED UTAUT2 FRAMEWORK WITH TRUST AND REGULATORY COMPLIANCE IN KARACHI, PAKISTAN
type: item
description: This study extends the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model by integrating the constructs of trust and regulatory compliance to examine technology acceptance in Karachi’s banking sector. The research explores the key challenges encountered during the early stages of banking technology development and identifies the underlying factors influencing these challenges. Furthermore, it assesses how artificial intelligence (AI)-driven features are implemented within digital banking systems and the organizational changes required to support this transition. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing an online survey distributed among 150 human resource professionals from the banking industry in Karachi. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS, enabling structural esearch of relationships between the proposed variables. The findings emphasize that trust and adherence to regulatory frameworks play pivotal roles in shaping user acceptance and facilitating successful technology implementation. By recognizing environmental, organizational, and behavioral dynamics, the study provides actionable insights for developing effective strategies that enhance digital transformation and operational efficiency in the banking sector.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Technology Acceptance
  topic: keywords
subject: UTAUT2
  topic: keywords
subject: Trust
  topic: keywords
subject: Regulatory Compliance
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Banking
  topic: keywords
subject: Banking Sector
  topic: keywords
subject: Karachi
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Aman Ullah
creator: Mir Wali Shah
creator: Syeda Arfa Quddusi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-09-30
publication date: 2025-09-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 14

CULTURAL DIASPORA IN AMERICAN FEVER BY DUR E AZIZ AMNA
type: item
description: This study explores the representation of cultural diaspora in Dur-E-Aziz Amna’s novel American Fever. It examines how diasporic communities revive and maintain their culture amid migration, focusing on diasporic themes such as exile, displacement, identity crisis, nostalgia, trauma, and language diversity. The study also applies postcolonial concepts like hybridity, mimicry, and the “third space” to analyze the psychological struggles and adaptation of migrants. The novel follows Hira, a Pakistani student in America, who navigates cultural conflicts while preserving her Islamic and Pakistani identity. Reflecting the author’s own migration experience, the study highlights the complexities of cultural adaptation, alienation, and the ongoing negotiation of identity within the diasporic and postcolonial framework.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Diaspora
  topic: keywords
subject: Identity crisis
  topic: keywords
subject: Loss and trauma
  topic: keywords
subject: Nostalgia
  topic: keywords
subject: Postcolonial perspectives
  topic: keywords
creator: Sobia Hashmi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 40
ending page: 55

FOSTERING AUTHENTIC FOLLOWERSHIP THROUGH MINDFULNESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL: LESSONS FROM AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of authentic leadership on authentic followership, with mindfulness as a mediator and psychological capital as a moderator. Using data from 252 employees collected via convenience sampling and standardized questionnaires, statistical analyses (regression, correlation, and reliability tests) were conducted. Results show a significant positive relationship between authentic leadership and authentic followership. Mindfulness was found to mediate this relationship, while the moderating role of psychological capital between mindfulness and authentic leadership was only partially supported. The study suggests that leaders may need additional strategies to strengthen the positive influence of psychological capital on mindfulness in real-time interactions
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hegemony, decline, emerging, global power, economies
  topic: keywords
creator: Tayyiba Kausar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 29
ending page: 39

RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICT: GEOPOLITICAL SHIFTS AND WESTERN DECLINE
type: item
description: The Russia-Ukraine conflict has become a defining geopolitical crisis with global repercussions. It highlights the deepening rift between the West—led by the U.S. and EU—and an increasingly assertive Russia, signaling a broader shift in the global balance of power. The war marks a decline in Western hegemony and the rising influence of emerging powers such as China, India, and Brazil in diplomatic, economic, and security arenas. It has also elevated the importance of energy security, technological warfare, and international institutions. This article explores the conflict’s impact on international relations, the role of emerging powers, and the evolving global power structure
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Global Power
  topic: keywords
subject: Hegemony
  topic: keywords
subject: Power Dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: Emerging Powers
  topic: keywords
subject: Balance of Power
  topic: keywords
subject: NATO Expansion
  topic: keywords
subject: Cybersecurity.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr Muhammad Usman Askari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 19
ending page: 28

EFFECT OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS' ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
type: item
description: This study examines the decline of Western hegemony and the rise of emerging powers amid shifting global power dynamics. It analyzes key drivers behind the West’s relative decline—such as the 2008 financial crisis, deindustrialization, and the ascent of economies like China and India—and explores how these trends are reshaping global governance, security, and economic stability. Using qualitative analysis grounded in historical trends, economic data, and geopolitical case studies, the research highlights a transition toward multipolarity, with assertive roles from China and Russia. The study argues that to remain influential, Western powers must embrace cooperative frameworks, reform international institutions, and promote multilateralism and innovation to adapt to the evolving global order.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hegemony, decline, emerging, global power, economies
  topic: keywords
creator: Azhar Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 13
ending page: 18

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TOOLS AS A LANGUAGE LEARNING AID FOR SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS
type: item
description: This study explores the effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools—such as language learning apps, chatbots, and speech recognition systems—in enhancing second language (L2) acquisition. Focusing on key benefits like personalized learning, real-time feedback, and increased accessibility, the research also considers challenges such as reduced human interaction and over-reliance on technology. Survey and experimental data from L2 learners show significant improvement in vocabulary retention, pronunciation, and conversational skills. The findings support the integration of AI as a complementary method alongside traditional language instruction, offering a flexible and engaging learning experience for diverse learners
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence Tools
  topic: keywords
subject: language learning method
  topic: keywords
subject: second language learners
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdul Haq Nawaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 9
ending page: 12

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DRIVERS OF SMOKING AMONG YOUNG MALE STUDENTS IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY APPROACH
type: item
description: This study investigates the socio-economic factors driving smoking among young male students in Pakistan. Key influences identified include residency, family smoking behavior, and peer relationships. Students living in hostels are more likely to smoke due to peer pressure and lenient social norms, while those with smoking family members are at higher risk of adopting the habit. Social interactions with smoker friends further increase this likelihood. In contrast, participation in extracurricular activities and engagement in productive routines help reduce smoking behavior. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions addressing these socio-economic drivers to curb smoking among male students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Smoking
  topic: keywords
subject: Residency
  topic: keywords
subject: Family Smoking Behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Relation
  topic: keywords
subject: Income
  topic: keywords
subject: Community
  topic: keywords
subject: Education Level.
  topic: keywords
creator: Aousaf Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 8

UNDERSTANDING UNSPECIFIED MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER: A CASE STUDY ON DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT, AND MANAGEMENT
type: item
description: This qualitative case study explores the diagnosis, assessment, and management of an 18-year-old male laborer diagnosed with Unspecified Depressive Disorder with mild anxious distress. Through thematic analysis, the study highlights the patient’s experiences, family perspectives, and the impact of external factors such as peer pressure, substance abuse, and emotional distress on depression onset. The therapeutic intervention combined psychoeducation, behavioral activation, and cognitive behavioral therapy, emphasizing early intervention and family involvement. The study advocates for a personalized, holistic approach addressing biological, psychological, and social factors to improve mental health outcomes in adolescents with depression.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Depression
  topic: keywords
subject: anxious distress
  topic: keywords
subject: CBT/BA
  topic: keywords
subject: Family Therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural aspect
  topic: keywords
creator: Rida Kainaat
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 62
ending page: 67

IMPACT OF RELIGIOSITY AND BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ QUALITY OF LIFE
type: item
description: This study explores how religiosity and the Big Five personality traits affect the quality of life (QoL) among university students in Pakistan, comparing those from Islamabad and Parachinar. Findings show religiosity, especially intrinsic religiosity, positively influences psychological resilience and life satisfaction. Among personality traits, extraversion and agreeableness are linked to higher QoL, while neuroticism negatively impacts it. Significant differences emerged between students from metropolitan Islamabad and conflict-affected Parachinar, with Islamabad students reporting better QoL, likely due to greater access to resources. The study highlights the importance of socio-cultural context and offers insights for policymakers and educators to enhance student well-being.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Religiosity
  topic: keywords
subject: Big Five personality traits
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality of life
  topic: keywords
subject: mental health
  topic: keywords
subject: Socio-cultural factors
  topic: keywords
subject: Psychological resilience
  topic: keywords
creator: Sabiha Nasir
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 48
ending page: 61

CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE ESL TEACHING: MEETING THE DIVERSE NEEDS OF ELEMENTARY LEARNERS
type: item
description: This study examines vocabulary acquisition strategies among elementary ESL learners, drawing on cognitive and social constructivist theories. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through interviews with 20 students and 10 teachers, and surveys of 50 students. Findings reveal that learners employ diverse strategies such as memorization, repetition, mnemonics, and contextual inference. Teacher support, classroom environment, and sociocultural factors significantly influence strategy effectiveness. Although statistical analysis showed limited predictive power (F = 0.315, p = 0.972), the study highlights the complex interaction of cognitive and social elements in vocabulary learning. These insights inform educators and policymakers in designing tailored approaches to improve ESL vocabulary instruction at the elementary level.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ESL learners
  topic: keywords
subject: elementary level
  topic: keywords
subject: language acquisition
  topic: keywords
subject: Vocabulary learning strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Uswa Aslam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 39
ending page: 47

WOMEN ON THE MARGINS: SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS DRIVING FEMALE CRIME IN KARACHI
type: item
description: This study explores socio-economic factors contributing to female criminality in Karachi, focusing on substance abuse, income stability, and arrest history. Highlighting the unique challenges faced by female prisoners, it aims to understand how these factors influence the nature of crimes committed. Using simple random sampling, the research provides insights into the often-overlooked experiences of women in the criminal justice system, offering a foundation for developing targeted interventions
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: investigate
  topic: keywords
subject: criminality
  topic: keywords
subject: challenges
  topic: keywords
subject: prisoners
  topic: keywords
subject: and target
  topic: keywords
creator: Aqsa Idrees
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 31
ending page: 38

MERGER OF FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS: TRACKING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND JUDICIAL REFORMS
type: item
description: This study examines the merger of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) following Pakistan’s 25th Constitutional Amendment. It analyzes the administrative and judicial reforms replacing the Frontier Crimes Regulations with the Interim Regulation Act 2018. Using qualitative methods and data from official documents and scholarly sources, the research highlights improvements in governance, legal structures, and socio-economic development, especially in resource management and infrastructure. However, challenges remain in fully implementing reforms. The study recommends ongoing institutional capacity building, economic development programs, and improved judicial access to ensure successful integration and sustainable progress in the region.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: FATA
  topic: keywords
subject: Administrative
  topic: keywords
subject: Judicial
  topic: keywords
subject: Reforms
  topic: keywords
subject: 25th Amendment
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Ilyas Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 14
ending page: 30

PERCEPTIONS, EXPERIENCES, AND COPING STRATEGIES OF WOMEN DIAGNOSED WITH INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS OF PREGNANCY
type: item
description: This qualitative study explores the perceptions, experiences, and coping strategies of women diagnosed with Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) in Pakistan. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 11 participants from public and private hospitals in Multan and DG Khan. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: disease perception, impact of the disease, coping mechanisms, and cultural beliefs. Findings reveal that ICP is often not recognized as a serious condition, especially in rural areas, yet it significantly affects patients’ psychological health. Women cope through religious faith, social, and family support, while superstitious beliefs about ICP persist in the community. These insights can guide healthcare providers in developing culturally sensitive treatment plans and support for pregnant women facing ICP.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: -Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
  topic: keywords
subject: perceptions
  topic: keywords
subject: coping,
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological impact
  topic: keywords
subject: and cultural beliefs
  topic: keywords
creator: Samrina Bibi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-03-31
publication date: 2025-03-31
starting page: 1
ending page: 13

IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF ENGLISH MORPHEMES
type: item
description: In today’s digital era, social media platforms like X (formerly Twitter) and Instagram have notably influenced English morphology. This study examines how these platforms drive the creation of new morphemes and alter traditional morphological processes such as derivation and inflection. Using a mixed-methods approach with purposive sampling, the research highlights social media’s role in shaping English morphological patterns in informal communication. Findings reveal that English on social media is highly adaptable and creative, with processes like abbreviation, acronym formation, and blending being particularly affected. The study concludes that social media acts as a powerful catalyst for morphological change, integrating novel morphemes into everyday language.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Morphemes
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Media
  topic: keywords
subject: English
  topic: keywords
subject: Language
  topic: keywords
subject: Twitter
  topic: keywords
subject: Instagram
  topic: keywords
subject: Morphology
  topic: keywords
subject: Word Formation
  topic: keywords
subject: Morphemes Derivation
  topic: keywords
subject: Inflexion
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Zaman
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 37
ending page: 43

DEVELOPING A PEACE EDUCATION MODEL FOR TEACHER TRAINING IN PAKISTAN
type: item
description: This study proposes a context-specific model for integrating peace education into teacher education programs in Pakistan. Recognizing the vital role of education in peace-building, the model aims to equip pre-service teachers with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to promote tolerance, empathy, and conflict resolution. Using a qualitative approach, the research involved literature review, curriculum analysis, semi-structured interviews with teacher educators and pre-service teachers, classroom observations, and a survey of 100 participants from the University of Karachi and affiliated colleges. Thematic analysis informed the development of a model centered on four pillars: curriculum integration, transformative pedagogy, teacher training and professional development, and culturally sensitive strategies tailored to Pakistan’s socio-political context. The model emphasizes fostering intercultural understanding, social justice, and peace-building competencies. Findings contribute to the discourse on peace education in postcolonial, conflict-prone settings and offer practical recommendations for policymakers and teacher training institutions. Ultimately, the study seeks to empower future educators to create inclusive, non-violent learning environments, fostering broader societal harmony in Pakistan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Peace education
  topic: keywords
subject: , teacher education
  topic: keywords
subject: peace-building model, curriculum integration
  topic: keywords
creator: Sajida Parveen
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 27
ending page: 36

MODI’S HINDUTVA POLICY: IMPACTS ON REGIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY
type: item
description: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of musculoskeletal (MSK) pain among clinical physiotherapists in Lahore due to the physical demands of their profession; a cross-sectional design with 125 participants aged 25–40 was used, excluding those with prior joint surgeries, and data collected via the Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) were analyzed using SPSS v25, revealing a high prevalence of MSK pain—neck (28.8%), shoulders (20%), lower back (32%), knees (11.2%), upper back and feet (2.4%), elbows (1.6%), thighs (0.8%), wrists (0.6%)—highlighting the need for preventive and ergonomic interventions to reduce work-related MSK disorders.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hindutva Ideology
  topic: keywords
subject: Modi
  topic: keywords
subject: South Asia
  topic: keywords
subject: Hegemonic designs
  topic: keywords
subject: Indo-Pak
  topic: keywords
subject: Indo-China
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdul Rahim
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 20
ending page: 26

XI JINPING’S ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY AND CHINA’S INFLUENCE ON GLOBAL GOVERNANCE: REGIONAL SECURITY IMPLICATIONS
type: item
description: Since his 2013 election, President Xi Jinping has redefined China’s role in global politics through an expansive economic diplomacy focused on regional integration and building multilateral partnerships under the concepts of “shared destiny” and peaceful coexistence. Xi’s strategy emphasizes economic cooperation, development, and collective security, reflecting China’s core national interests and his vision for global leadership. However, these ambitions carry the risk of disrupting regional power dynamics and pose significant challenges to regional security.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: China
  topic: keywords
subject: Xi Jinping
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Diplomacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Regional Integration
  topic: keywords
subject: Multilateralism
  topic: keywords
subject: Regional Security
  topic: keywords
creator: Ateeqa Tanveer Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 11
ending page: 19

SOCIETAL PRESSURE AND NON-BINARY IDENTITIES: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF ADAM SILVERA’S THEY BOTH DIE AT THE END
type: item
description: This study critically examines Adam Silvera’s They Both Die at the End (2017), focusing on societal conformity and non-binary gender identities in the novel. Through character development, narrative structure, and thematic analysis, the paper explores how Silvera challenges traditional gender binaries and highlights societal pressures to conform. Using queer theory as a framework, the research illustrates how the novel reflects broader issues of identity, acceptance, and resistance within heteronormative cultures. Silvera’s work is positioned as both a reflection of contemporary attitudes toward gender and a catalyst for discussions on inclusivity and self-expression in a conformist society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: non-binary identity
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subject: societal conformity
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subject: young adult literature
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subject: gender representation
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subject: queer theory
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subject: Adam Silvera
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creator: Afza Sabir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2024-12-31
publication date: 2024-12-31
starting page: 1
ending page: 10